None of its four components, GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500, or KPV, have completed clinical trials for any approved indication
Cardiovascular Outcome Trials in Type 2 Diabetes CVOTs in T2D were designed primarily to establish cardiovascular safety in patients diagnosed with T2D who also have established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or have a high cardiovascular risk
GLP-1Rs are expressed in the pancreas, intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, myocardium, adipose tissue, kidney, liver, blood vessels, lungs and in the CNS.2,3 Although GLP-1 is known for its incretin effect, which it shares with glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), the intake-regulating action, essential for its efficacy against obesity, occurs through its interaction with receptors located in the CNS.1,5 The GLP-1 peptide can reach the central nervous system (CNS) via peripheral vagal afferents, which transmit its action through the nodose ganglion to the nucleus tactus solitarius (NTS)
Bak AM, et al
Glutathione combined with L-citrulline boosted nitric oxide production (NO) better than placebo or L-citrulline alone