can cigarette smoke trigger asthma Severe Attack: Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment Asthma attacks don't always happen

In a study of nine volunteers using e-cigarettes (with a refillable tank) for 2 hours in groups of three trying to recreate a real-life scenario (caflike setting) and using different e-liquids with and without nicotine, the mean airborne concentration of PM 2.5 during the vaping sessions was 197 g/m 3 versus 6 g/m 3 for the control periods (Schober et al., 2014)

Chem Res Toxicol 15:677685 Prokopczyk B, Trushin N, Leszczynska J, Waggoner SE, El Bayoumy K (2001) Human cervical tissue metabolizes the tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4- (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, via alpha-hydroxylation and carbonyl reduction pathways

Youth who use e-cigarettes are more likely to go on to smoke traditional cigarettes at some point in the future

Predicting adolescent substance use: the effects of depressed mood and positive expectancies

Tobacco Use in Minnesota: 2014