The relationship between smoking and both CO and cotinine is modest (e.g., Swan et al., 1993), because the amount that is absorbed from smoking and the rate at which clearance occurs (as well as input from other sources [for CO] and rate of production [cotinine], Benowitz et al, 2002) are subject to variability
Coughing, a common side effect of smoking, can place physical stress on healing incisions, potentially reopening wounds or disrupting internal sutures
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Here is what changes when you stop: Within 48 hours: Blood flow to your gums begins to improve, and your sense of taste and smell start returning Within 2 to 4 weeks: Gum inflammation starts to decrease and healing from dental procedures improves significantly Within 3 to 6 months: Your risk of gum disease begins to decline, and new stains stop forming After 1 year: Your risk of periodontal disease drops substantially, and existing stains can be fully treated with whitening After 5 to 10 years: Your oral cancer risk drops to nearly the same level as someone who never smoked Even if your teeth are heavily stained, quitting prevents further damage and makes all whitening treatments more effective and longer lasting
