Recent studies have revealed that dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamicsincluding impaired mitophagy, imbalances in mitochondrial fusion and fission, and defects in mitochondrial biogenesisis closely associated with CRC initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy [46]
Long-term PPI use (beyond 1 year) has its own set of considerations, including potential effects on calcium absorption, magnesium levels, and vitamin B12 status
These findings further underscore the central role of mitochondrial quality control in the multistep evolution of CRC (Fig
Effects were comparable to prednisolone, without the weight gain, metabolic disruption, or bone density loss associated with corticosteroids (PMC2095288)
Because of this mechanism, the majority of side effects experienced during the early stages of treatment are related to digestion