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The present study aimed to first establish and validate a clinically relevant model of e-cigarette exposure in mice

(vi) history of high or low blood pressure

The government also said South Korea has tightened customs review for synthetic-nicotine imports since 2019, requiring importers to submit six types of documents and making natural-or-synthetic classification and nicotine content mandatory in declarations

Available: [accessed September 7, 2000]

Taken together, the elevated risk observed among former smokers is more consistent with health selection and reverse causality: chronic disease diagnosis, symptom onset, or clinical advice may induce smoking cessation, generating the cross-sectional pattern in which former smokers appear to be at higher risk