44 In subsequent studies, transgenic mice expressing constitutively active MLCK (CA-MLCK), specifically within the intestinal epithelial cells, demonstrated significant gut permeability in the jejunum (using bovine serum albumin) and the colon (using creatinine and sucralose)
Abbas MA, Taha MO, Zihlif MA, Disi AM
This first-pass mechanism of periportal toxicity for selected compounds, including hepatotoxicants that primarily affect centrilobular hepatocytes, could result from deficient cytoprotective capacity secondary to depletion of phase II conjugating enzymes in addition to being a consequence of a higher exposure gradient to these upstream hepatocytes
Oncogene 34 (45), 56175625
Multivitamin supplementation similarly showed no improvement in radiation-related fatigue (351), while observational data from chemotherapy cohorts (e.g., SWOG S0221) raised concerns that concurrent antioxidant use during treatment may negatively influence survival, potentially by attenuating ROS-mediated cytotoxicity of chemotherapy (348) Coenzyme Q10, despite increasing plasma antioxidant levels, did not improve fatigue or quality of life outcomes, further highlighting the disconnect between biochemical antioxidant enhancement and clinical benefit (352) Although antioxidants exhibit important biological activity, supplementation has not consistently demonstrated significant benefits in breast cancer prevention or treatment, with outcomes varying according to clinical context, timing of use, and patient subgroup
